Following your explanation, I was indeed wondering about the ground bridge and finally added it.
It makes sense to have the uP and the power circuit somehow separate. However, since the power input is the reference for the MOSFET gates, they have to be related.
My PS is 25V 5A. When powering the peltiers directly they draw less than 2A each, so 5A should be fine to power the whole unit.
I'll do a bit more measuring....