Used Equipment 101: Taking the Gamble on fleaBaySo you've got a need for equipment of a certain sort; or maybe you just got to the point where you've decided it's time to get a meter that's a little higher on the food chain than that Harbor Freight "Little Red Box of Damifino". You look at the price of new, and like most of us, you quickly realize that either you need to save up for a couple years to buy name-brand like Fluke or HP, or you have to get something used.
If you're a hobbyist like me, even that probably isn't going to be cheap enough; semi-retired, limited income, only so much discretionary funds to go around all your hobbies. Maybe time to look for a fixer-upper?
Well, there's no shortage of busted gear on fleaBay, that's for sure. But how do you separate the merely "busted" from the junk that's been tore up from the floor up and THEN put on fleaBay as "untested: As-is" or "powers up: unable to test further"
(Hint... these kind of weasel-word descriptions are the FIRST sign you should run, not walk... to the nearest exit) ?
The answer, as with anything worth doing, is to take your time and do your homework. You CAN minimize the risk, but it takes some detective work.
eBay is the world's biggest Flea Market; but unlike shopping the local swap-meet or Thrift Store, You don't have the benefit of being able to hold the item in your hand; fondle it, eyeball the stitching, or to smell and taste it to see that you're getting what's being sold to you. And most importantly, you don't get to look your seller in the eye and gauge whether they're an honest working stiff like yourself or some sleazoid selling crap pieced together from known defective parts.
The anonymity of online auctions with their promise of easy money attracts all sorts... and it invites folks to do things they wouldn't normally do, like try to sell stuff they know is garbage instead of throwing it in the dumpster where it belongs. This is human nature; and while you can get mad about it and hate the hucksters, that only spoils YOUR day.
When you're traversing the sea of auction goods, the natural self-protective reaction is to be afraid. Fear is good, keep that; but travel light. Forget the hate.
Listen to your wary inner voice, but don't succumb to panic. Use it to fuel a healthy cynicism; be critical of every aspect of a listing. THAT is how you can minimize the risk. As important as the item in particular is the seller's past history on fleaBay; you need to make sure you've first been sold on the SELLER, then the item they're selling... not the other way around.
Let's take a look at my latest purchase, from eBay vendor express_auctions . First thing most folks will look at is the price, because the bottom line is... well, the bottom line. Second, most shrewd buyers will look at the shipping and go "Holy sh**balls! That's expensive for a 1/2 kilogram meter!" And it kindof is. But the sale price is reasonable given what it is, so we're going to investigate further.
First, they have a detailed item description. Not only the item overall, and not just stuff cut/pasted from the manufacturer's product page, but actual condition of the item in particular. Unusual in this auction is that the seller makes a point of including the item serial number; a lot of sellers deliberately obfuscate or simply neglect to include a serial number. You can draw a lot of conclusions about why, but most of them boil down to professionalism, or the lack thereof.
One thing you can draw from this is that the seller knows they have proof of ownership. This indicates that as advertised, this seller is in the business of selling this kind of goods, and that they keep an accurate inventory of the gear that passes through their business. This also follows through to the shipping costs. A seller that's in the business doesn't use recycled shipping materials; they pay for cartons and packing material and they pay somebody to pack the goods. This costs money, and they do this regularly, so they have a good idea just how much.
The description is straightforward, factual, and doesn't attempt to sell you on the seller (or warn you away from other sellers), only to accurately describe the product, "Warts and all". It details missing parts, and states "Does not work" rather than using simple "Untested" or "Unable to test" weasel wording to suggest that it MIGHT work if you're lucky, give it some TLC, or the TE gods smile upon you, etc.
"SOLD AS-IS, UNIT DOESN'T WORK
Unit has badly corroded and missing battery terminals.
Unit is missing fuses, bail/kickstand and screw for battery cover.
No further testing was done.
Sold AS-IS as shown in photos, for parts or repair. "
This is promising, actually. Rather than making the item look like junk, it points to a certain level of professional integrity.
Feedback:We appreciate Positive feedback. We leave feedback as soon as we get feedback from you. If you have any problems with the sale, please try to resolve it with us before you leave us a Neutral or Negative.
Returns: no returns. "
Okay... not only do they post a simple, clear description of the item's condition, they also have a Terms of Sale statement. A lot of vendors will try to hide stuff in the fine print here; and some of it can be cause for concern, like the statement that this vendor doesn't accept returns. In the case of new goods or goods being sold AS GOOD, this is cause for alarm. Even in the case of as-is items, you may find that a vendor tries to hide behind that... but here is where knowing your rights under the eBay buyer's policy will give you some reassurance. Even if a vendor states this, they HAVE TO accept a return for an item that as delivered is considerably different from the item listing, or shows evidence of having been tampered with since the photos in the auction were taken.
Also a clear, straightforward policy towards Feedback, which encourages the buyer to resolve first, but no fear-mongery or weasel-wording.
THAT, however, is not what interests me most in this statement; what interests me is the statements about shipping:
"Shipping Terms: Buyer pays for shipping/packaging for this instrument. International buyers will pay for all shipping charges to your country.
* Shipping and handling fees are not refundable under any circumstances. In case of returns buyer is responsible for all shipping fees. (Domestic or International)
* Your phone number is required for shipping purposes so please provide your phone number with all correspondence.
* Please note that calculated shipping is based on UPS. However, we reserve the right to ship for the same cost via FedEx or other carrier. We prefer to ship by FedEx or UPS.
Packaging:We package items in new boxes and foam pack-in-place.
And now we see the actual COST of shipping. If they actually ship this way, then the costs are more than justified.
The listing then shows numerous well-lit, clear and detailed photos of the item, again, warts and all. Not fuzzy cell-phone pics of just the front.
Now this is where my jaundiced eye towards used equipment takes over... overall it looks pretty good. No big chunks missing, lens is clear and without major scratches, and ewwwww... that battery compartment is NASTY. But here's where you have to do some "Deductive reasoning". Okay; the rotten battery contacts show a probable cause of death. But is that the ONLY thing wrong with it?
For this, I'm going to concentrate on the first pic, and the last two. Careful inspection indicates no discoloration of the lens underneath, or the LCD itself, or around the lead sockets. If battery electrolyte had gotten this far inside the unit, it would be truly junk; just a plastic shell that might or might not be salvageable.
This pic holds a wealth of information; and it may not be obvious what I'm seeing here. When I see rotten battery compartments, the first question I ask myself is "How far inside the unit did the electrolyte leak to?" This fundamentally depends on how it was stored for however long it took for the batteries to leak. if stored on its face, then this meter is most likely junk; that's a lot of rot. So I start looking for evidence that it was NOT stored on its face. Looking at the inside of the battery door, I can see two things: thin cracks, and scratch marks around the remains of a piece of foam. Looking at the other photos, I can see that these cracks go through the unit, and that they are in natural stress points. A picture begins to emerge in my mind of exactly what this meter has been through...
Stored in its pouch on its back, possibly in a drawer with a dozen of its brothers in a non-climate-controlled location, batteries fail... as they sit, pooling electrolyte in the foam on the battery door causes them to corrode and "grow", eventually cracking the door. The electrolyte weakens the plastic and forms the classic green crust inside and in the foam, but it also leaks through; similarly damaging and contaminating the leads, tilt bail and rubber lead-holder.
The tech opens the pouch to find this heinous mess during triage; if this isn't his first meter from this lot, he's probably wearing rubber gloves. For his own safety he discards everything except what is absolutely needed to sell the meter: pouch, tilt bail, leads and rubber lead thingie all go in the trash. A missing battery door will severely harm the salability of the meter though, so minimal reclamation effort is done to save it; undo the 1/4 turn pops and knock the bottom of the meter on the edge of the bench or garbage can until batteries and all fall into the trash. Maybe one of the pops is weak and breaks at this point. It's possible it was just lost by a prior user, but the fact that the door was held fast enough to crack on both sides makes this less likely. Recover the battery door and scrape all the green crust off, including the foam. Wash the battery door as best you can, then maybe suck particles from the battery compartment with a shop-vac.... ready to take pics.
So... what do I see in the pics that tells me this tale? I see discoloration and etching of the plastic on the battery door, but the battery compartment itself is pristine, aside from the corroded battery terminals themselves. Scratches on the inside of the battery door tell me that is where the crust formed and had to be scraped off, so most likely also where the electrolyte pooled. This means the meter was most likely stored on its back. In turn, there is a good chance that the inside of the meter is unharmed; these are built on a single multi-layer PC board... so if it is damaged, the entire meter is suspect.
But wait... this is all fine & dandy, but how do I know the meter wasn't previously blown up before it was thrown in the drawer? How do I know it hasn't been dismantled after the fact and reassembled out of known-defective parts, as is common practice on the 'bay these days?
I DON'T.
I don't KNOW this... but a little more detective work will give me a clue. So I go back to the pics like this one. Careful inspection of the screw heads is one of my favorite clues; particularly black-oxide Philips-head ones like this. Philips-head screws were designed specifically to "cam-out" if someone attempted to over-tighten them; it is very hard to remove them without it being visible in the form of ragged corners on the slots and bare metal. You CAN undo them without it being visible; but it requires a lot of care. Care that the kind of eBayer who'd try to sell a unit made of known-defective parts usually won't take.
All screws in the pic of the meter on its side appear unsullied; and the closeup here shows with good clarity that these most likely haven't been molested. Not only that, but the missing fuses allow me to see the main PCB close to the battery compartment. None of the traces are discolored as one would expect of electrolyte infiltration; the PCB is virginal verdant green.
Missing fuses, while a bit of a PITA (New ones for this meter cost ~$15/set) aren't necessarily a bad thing; they may mean that a user robbed a dead meter before it was tossed in the drawer, true... but equally likely is that the seller took them out to troubleshoot another meter. And fuses from a known blown-up meter would not be my first choice when trying to troubleshoot another meter in either case.
Okay... so I'm reasonably convinced... maybe 70/30... that this meter is probably as described; so I go look at the seller's feedback. In this case, I find a longstanding seller of approx 7 years, with lots of unique, positive feedback going back reasonably steadily to the start date. This indicates a real seller, not a shill storefront. I can see 5 negative feedback, but once I look at the details, I can see that they're very likely due to honest misunderstanding; I don't see evidence of habitual non-responsiveness, and I also see that the seller is reasonably diligent about leaving feedback as stated in his Terms of Sale. I make it a habit to at least skim over 2 or 3 pages of feedback received, AND click on the red negative button to try and understand the negative feedback. Interesting is that early in their career, they switched from plumbing goods to Test Equipment... but that switch appeared to have happened in a specific timeframe and consistent afterwards.
The content of the feedback indicates that this seller does indeed pack professionally as advertised, and that items usually ship quickly. That fact pushes the scale to 80/20 in favor; I know I'm still taking a gamble, but in my opinion, it's pretty reasonable. I know I'm paying a premium price for DOA test equipment; but I believe I'm getting what I've been sold, so I click on the button.
I've seen some negative feedback regarding this vendor here on eevBlog since I bought; but IMO, after reviewing the entire thread, that was mostly due to misunderstanding and misfortune with logistics rather than deliberate intent to do wrong. I also don't believe that as-is gear can have this sort of issue, as there are no repair parts/logistics involved; only time to pack & ship.
I received my meter the Friday following my order; it was shipped 2-day via USPS. Packing, as you can see, was excellent.
Just like Oakley sez: "Thermonuclear Protection."
Shipped Priority, new carton (NOT recycled), H-Taped top & bottom. Not only H-Taped, but stapled AND double-walled carton. Inside that, the good ol- "Spray-foam Cube of Goodness". Inside THAT, my little pink bundle of joy. And not just a pink wrapper... but a pink anti-static coated bag. And finally.... my DOA baby.
It's pretty hard to pack better; clearly these are professionals who didn't cut corners getting my meter here intact. While I wish I could have saved a few dollars, I don't begrudge them a penny spent on shipping. That package would have survived even those guys who chuck it over the fence.
After all that buildup, it was almost a letdown to find that the meter was EXACTLY as it was advertised... dead from leaking batteries and entirely unmolested since photos were taken. As soon as I got it in hand I could see that all screws were untouched, and the PCB underneath was indeed pristine around the fuses as seen in the original photo.
I'm very pleased to find a used gear vendor that actually does as they claim... post gear direct from triage rather than made-up BS about units they've already cannibalized to fix other units. While I did pay what I consider to be premium price for a DOA meter, I got what I bid on in the form of a straightforward repair, rather than working to get it powered up and then trying to fix a dozen other things wrong because a unit was pieced together from borked parts taken off other units.
And the reason I reiterate this is... just before I bought this meter, even with ALL the care I took researching my candidate, just a few weeks ago I DID get one from another vendor that I'm certain was just that: robbed for parts after the photos were put on eBay. I had to dispute, and I even had to deal with retaliatory feedback as a result. Even though this seller had long-standing positive feedback, and the listing passed my best deductive assessment... what arrived was missing screws, fuses and alligators that were shown in the original listing. It was very clear that the meter had been disassembled after the pics of it "sometimes working" and reassembled carelessly. I put it right back in the box and taped it shut until the dispute was settled; and I'm glad I did. I tried to make the tinkering fun last, really I did.
I originally was going to just nuke the AAs and go LiPo, but once I opened it up and found an absolutely pristine PCB, I took my time scrubbing the battery compartment and making up coil-spring battery clips from my junk drawer so as to fit in the original slots. But even that only took an hour or so... Aside from fuses, now it needs one plastic 1/4 turn for the battery door, a new tilt stand/bail and the optional probe-holder on the back. All are available on fleaBay as are the original battery clips. All told, those parts add up to another $50 for the plastic parts, and another $60 for all the battery contact clips. (Yeah, that's right... $60; these are pretty much pure unobtanium)
(CORRECTION) And that's not including $15 for the fuse set, or probes, which is another $20-120 depending on what probe set you buy. Yes, it's easy to spend a lot fixing up a meter, even once you have it working. I think I want to try printing the plastic parts first.
I've been looking since I bid on the first, "not as described" meter for the spare fuses I had from my 87; no luck. Guess I have to suck it up and spend the $15 for a new pair. For now, I'll rob the fuses from another meter and wedge the small one between case and contacts until new ones arrive.
Now it's back together and all functions appear nominal compared against my Sperry and Aneng 8002 & 8008. Once I lay my hands on the 16V battery for my voltage reference, I'll check the DC voltage readings against it and some precision resistors I ordered when I ordered fuses.
Woohoo!
Please, feel free to add any tell-tales you look for to cull the wheat from the chaff... this is just how I analyzed this particular auction, and I'm sure there are lots of other things I missed.
Cheers,
mnem
This is real life. Of course there will be a test!