Do have a look at the Keysight app note and web calculator, its well explained there.
I'm probably being dense because I'm tired, but what Keysight app note?
He is probably referring to
5952-3706 Y-Factor Method for Noise Figure Measurement Accuracy
or
5952-8255 Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Noise Figure Measurements
or
5980-0288 10 Hints for Making Successful Noise Figure Measurements
That web calculator is probably the same as the enclosed excel-sheet. Can't attach it, too large.
Look for NFUC2017* at Keysight.
Thanks.
The original points, now snipped, were not about noise figure. I agree Wolfgang's points are correct when measuring noise figure, but I don't think they are when using a noise source as a poor man's tracking generator. If I'm wrong, I'd like to be enlightened
For NF measurements *in general* the S11 of the source is critical. As long as the DUT has reasonable gain and not too low NF, all is swell.
If you have a DUT with extremely bad match but extremely low noise figure (like GaAs FET amps...) noise energy coming *out* of the DUT input will be reflected by the noise source if its output impedance is not exatcly 50Ohms, making results incorrect.
Remedy:
- Noise measurement with vector correction (cold source technique) as available in the Keysight PNA-X series ($$$).
Then you need an extra well characterized noise source.
- stay away from highly mismatched amps if you can, because in a lot of cases they are unstable as well.
0.1dB noise figures are, in a lot of cases, a marketing hype with no practical benefit. A few 10cm of cable at VHF/even less at UHF and your advantage is gone.