the mighty Scottish Highland midge.
...
Typical view in the Highlands during midge season as they come teeming for your blood:
That seems about right in terms of behaviour for what we call "svidknott" (
Ceratopogonidae), even though the Highland midge is a fly... Yes, flies are more stupid and harder to discourage. Our biting "fly" (fsvo) varieties are much larger, called horse flies (
Hippobosca equina) or "broms" (
Abanus bovinus). They mostly go for cattle and horses, as the names imply, but can bite humans too.
Our small and large mosquitoes are mostly stopped by good bug nets and some of the more industrial repellents. In some locales (flood plains inland around our larger rivers) they've gone the olde way, and sprayed the countryside with either "VectoBac G" or "
Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis" from helicopters, but that is really exceptional, requiring specific permission et c.
Our Defence Research Establishment has spent decades researching repellents, and IIRC found that
Artemisia vulgaris worked pretty well, but so many people are allergic to it that it's not practical. Obviously, repelling bugs is critical to sub-arctic warfighting abilities.