Look for a service manual for a Tek 308 Data Analyzer and look in the theory section. It has a description of how signature analysis works. The tap points are the same as your referenced diagram. The Tek 308 is compatible with the HP signature data.
You could also look for service manuals for HP 5004/5/6 signature analyzers. They should have theory sections.
You can generally find signature analyzers in the $50-100 range. Although it sounds like a fun project, is it really worth rolling your own? A presumably repairable hp 5004 just went for under $40 including shipping.