Hello,
what you have here is a testing device for an IBM pluggable unit containing Germanium crystal diodes and dates from around 1958.
The values on the scale are typical testing values for "the minimum back resistance of about 400K and a maximum forward resistance of about 200 ohms".
These diodes are mounted on a pluggable unit (see the second module from the left on the added picture). A pluggable unit contains 12 diodes, therefore you have 12 positions on the rotating switch to select the diode you want to test. You need 2 voltages 1) a 1.5V D battery for testing the forward resistance and 2) 90V DC for testing the backward resistance. On the EXT position you can also test single diode via the EXTERNAL inputs.
The device exists in 2 versions 1) with a 9 pin tube-style socket for IBM-604 style PU's and 2) a 10 pin tube style socket for IBM 650-style PU's.
Do NOT put a tube in the socket as this might create short-circuits.
Hope this helps you,
Paul