I believe that Weller irons that use that 5 pin connector use a Platinum RTD as a sensor, not a plain thermistor. This means that there is a high degree of consistency from iron to iron, so you can use any iron on any base without the re-calibration necessary for a thermistor. I have a very similar iron, a FE-80 (looks identical to yours, with the addition of a fume extractor), and I use it with a base that is definitely not designed for it, but it works perfectly.
I have no idea what sensor other brands use.