I think I fixed it:
Desoldered three relais that switch between independant, series and parallel. Tested them outside the PCB... All worked fine. Found out, that for one of the relais, the contacts measured a short circuit. Found the diode for the relais measured almost 0 Ohms. Diode test failed. desoldered it, measured again, still failed.
Replaced it with a 1N4148 THT diode, shorted the leads, looks almost a MELV diode :-)
Inserted the new diode, resoldered the relays, tested: Works as before.
Simple fix, but still can't believe that there is no mechanism that prevents this problem...