Definitely a switching regulator.
I'd check those 3 ceramic capacitors on the input, make sure they're not shorted . The smallest looks much darker than the others, which could be a sign of being shorted, but could also be just a different composition. Do the same on the output, it's easy to check.
Yeah, resistors will tell you the output voltage. Most likely the chip has a 0.6v voltage reference, or maybe 0.8v... less likely it will be a more generic 1.25v reference voltage
I don't know the formula off the top of my head...it's something like reference voltage x ( 1 + R1/R2) or something like that. You can pick any high frequency synchronous rectifier switching regulator off digikey or mouser or whatever and look in datasheet for the formula.
It's not that SY8008 chip, because there doesn't seem to be an ENABLE pin and the inductor is obviously connected to other pin, not like in the pdf.