...bulbs with halogen capsules in them are readily available and behave exactly like a traditional bulb with slightly higher efficiency.
Halogens must reach their operating temperature, which is higher than an incandescent, to regenerate the emissive material. When operated below this temperature, for instance by being dimmed or only turned on briefly, they become darkened and fail. By contrast, incandescent bulbs last longer when dimmed. So far from behaving "exactly like a traditional bulb", they behave exactly
opposite to one.
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While this can be an issue, in practice I have not found it to be a problem. For about 8 years I had some GE Halogena lamps in the light above the dining table because that light is on a dimmer and was only rarely used at full brightness. I never had one of those lamps darken or fail, I only replaced them when sufficiently attractive dimmable LED bulbs became available. This is real world actual experience I speak from here, not speculation.
I did once have the tubular halogen bulb in one of those torchier lamps that were popular in the 90s blacken but that happened when someone left it on all night and the next day at a very dim glow such that it wasn't even noticed until it got turned up the next evening. The halogen capsules in bulbs designed to replace standard incandescent lamps are hard glass rather than quartz and do not run as hot as typical quartz halogen lamps. They are not as efficient or long lived either, however they are modestly better than standard incandescent on both counts.