What power should the mosfet be able to handle?
I don't think it has to be a 200W version if the motor is a 200 W one, right?
Is it correct that I just have to calculate the RDSon and the max current of the motor plus some extra?
alright, I hope that's what you wanted:
I connected a rectifier where the bulb was connected before.
Then I connected the bulb to the rectifier output
(and added 2 different caps later)
If this is the right approach, then I can say the circuit doesn't work any good this way, but look at the screenshots which I had to take with my workplace DSO (sorry, no Rigol screenshots this time)
ZC1: mains voltage/sine and the H11AA1 output (I simulated the ZC detecting part with LTspice and it indeed looks like that lol)
ZC2: same thing, but after the comparator, this goes into the µC
ZC3: zoomed out a bit, sine is distorted by the triac switching
TR1: mains voltage/sine and the trigger signal from the µC which is fed into the MOC3023
TR2: triac output
TR3: same, but zoomed in a bit
TR4: rectified output
TR5: added a 2µ2/450V cap ... this one got hot after around a minute
TR6: not sure what I did here, lol ... probably altered the on-time
TR7: mains voltage/sine with this rectifier/cap
TR8: replaced 2µ2 cap with 100µ/450V
TR9: mains voltage/sine with this rectifier/cap
the circuit and the isolating adjustable transformer made buzzing noises, the bulb did flicker a lot
maybe the distortion also affected the VIPer12A circuit, the generated 5V though were clean ...