I would never suggest that the Fluke 101 would survive it without running at least some minimal test
i'd certainly not expect any meter to survive it, but rather to be able to contain/absorb the 'event'.
attached below is the full schematic of the Fluke 77 series II. from this one can see that R2/E1 are largely there to protect the OHS pin of U1 (if S1 is closed) and pins 11 and 10 of S1 (if S1 is open). at 1500v (E2 strikes) R2 would see approximately 1.5 watts, at 4kV it would see 16 watts; even at this power level i would expect it to survive for a few seconds,
assuming it did not arc over.
the main show involves R1, RV1 and RV2.
to have any hope of containing/absorbing a 4kV continuous input i would suspect that
both R1 (1k ohm)
and R2 (1M ohm) would each need to be split across multiple parts that were good for 1kV each. it would then be necessary to add a fuse in series with the 'V/O HI' input connector such that our new fuse:
(a) was essentially rated at near to zero current. ie, a "10mA fuse",
(b) could break 4kV and contain/extinguish the resulting plasma,
(c) would go open prior to the R1 (1k ohm) combination overheating.
R1 would no longer need to be a fusible part, as our "10mA fuse" would replace this function.
now all these changes would add size to the meter, as well as cost. plus, they wouldn't help if our user tried to measure 10kV.
i'd still be keen to know how a bog-standard Fluke 77 reacted to a 4kV continuous input
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cheers,
rob :-)