You just bit into a HUGE topic. A few points:
* The universe by volume is about 9.99999999% plasma. Doesn't matter that it is mostly very high vacuum plasma, it's still plasma.
* The physics of plasma behavior is incredibly complicated, and very counter-intuitive. Plenty is still not understood.
* For instance, in plasma electrostatic charges often do NOT equalize out. Really huge voltage differences can build up. There are all kinds of effects like double-wall layers, Birkeland strands, pinch effect, etc, that simply don't happen in our planetary surface experience.
* Astronomers tend not to be taught plasma physics, so a great deal of astrophysics is hand waving bullshit. Including a lot of theory on what goes on in stars. In which plasma and electrostatic effects play major roles. Stuff like "magnetic field lines breaking and reconnecting" - this is utter stupid ignorant crap, yet you will hear it from astrophysicists often.
Anyway... yes, planets and stars can and do build up huge potential differences between themselves and surrounding interstellar plasma medium. And there are macro effects. Plenty of argument about whether Earth has been subjected to such effects in human history (or not.) You can find some really interesting stories...
Also more recent tales. The NASA 'tether experiment', the comet impactor, upper atmosphere 'sprites', whether comets are icy, or highly charged rocks with lots of glow discharge, sputtering, electrostatic HV chemistry and erosion... etc.
There's a whole camp of theorists going by the name Electric Universe. Plenty of links, many hours of reading in my list:
http://everist.org/archives/links/__Electric_Universe_links.txt