You could go with the BeMicro CV from Arrow for $49 and 25,000 LE (Logic Elements):
https://parts.arrow.com/item/detail/arrow-development-tools/bemicrocvThis board is similar to the Nano in capabilities but of course there are less demos/sample code so I'm not sure how it will suit someone starting up, but the price is right and it's big enough.
For even cheaper $30 you could get a BeMicro MAX10 with just 8,000 LEs, but that is enough to start with, again not that much sample code and guides compared to the Terasic boards. So I don't know if it will impose any barriers for someone starting up.
http://parts.arrow.com/item/detail/arrow-development-tools/bemicromax10What is cool about the Max 10 is that it offers non-volatile configuration so it's ready on boot and it offers dual boot as well.
They do have a wiki with some sample code and other information:
http://www.alterawiki.com/wiki/BeMicro_MAX_10There is also free training courses from Altera, I'll find the link, but you will have to modify the examples to fit your board.
I'll update this thread when I find the fpga curriculum, which I posted before on some old threads.