Sometimes I like diagrams ... and I was curious about the impact damage, so I looked through the video a couple of times to try and make out what broke where.
This is my best guess... (BTW when I say 'panel' I mean the protective glass panel, nothing else.)
The centre white zone I am calling the crush zone and I suspect it might be rounded to match the shape of the object at the point it struck the panel. I've used a cricket ball as a suggestion (you'll find more of these than baseballs around Australia), but the object needn't be spherical. I would not exclude a freakishly large piece of hail.
As the object first hit the glass, the point of contact would have failed, causing the panel wide cracking to begin. As it progressed, more surface area of the object came into direct contact with the glass which caused high density cracking, resulting in the white centre and the crater shape.
As the object penetrated further, the area of glass around the object would have been trying to bend down. As the object transferred more of its energy to the glass, the pressure increased to the point where a shear failure occurred (if I got that term wrong, I apologise) causing the white ring out from the crush zone - which I think has a step as I have put in my diagram. I suspect the location of the shear failure ring will be a function of a leverage component in the bending down action mentioned above.
All the other cracking over the panel just appears to be the typical result of tempered glass failure.
Also, upon mulling it over, I don't believe something the size of a golf ball would create the damage shown. Yes, a golf ball might shatter the panel, but if so, I think the 'fingerprint' would be much smaller. Likewise, I don't believe it was a sharp-pointed object. Yes, a sharp pointed object could find a point of weakness that shatters the panel, but I can't see how it would leave that 'crush zone'.
If the 'crush zone' is rounded and you can get some sort of measurement on the curvature, you might be able to work out a rough diameter of the offending object.
Anyway, there's my thoughts on the matter.
Shoot away - I'll just duck.