I note its original name was "SwitcherCAD".
Yes, LTspice/SwitcherCAD. The binary is still called scad3.exe. Because ...
They could keep the engine closed and split it from the gui. Although I don;t know if it worth the hassle.
... it was once split. Into the schematic capture part (SwitcherCAD), and the SPICE engine (LTspice). But they put that into one binary. And after some releases, they just renamed the combination LTspice IV.
Makes you wounder if they still have their SPICE engine run separately in other inhouse tools. Because that is how LTspice/SwitcherCAD started, as an inhouse tool which they later opened up to customers.
What I always find sad with all the manufacturer-specific SPICE versions is that all the manufacturers never cooperated to just settle on a single industry-wide standardized SPICE version. Manufacturers do cooperate in standard committees for some things, but they could never be bothered or didn't manage to do that to evolve SPICE.