Its a simple circuit that is a good exercise, to show us that we must not overlook the parameters!
Simulating the circuit, to evade from the math calculations, we have a result that shows a maximum voltage of around 261V.
This is not strange, if we take in account that the capacitor, in each period of the input signal, has a short time to charge, from a high resistance source and a long time to discharge via the load plus the leakage current of the diode.
In the simulation we have to examine what happens many seconds after applying the input voltage, because the time constant of the circuit is very high relatively to the period of the signal.