" As soon as I put the resistors on the grid test point (to ground) the trace popped up. If I remove the resistors then it disappears."
There seems to be something up with the DC bias network for the CRT grid. This goes through R9, R8, R10, CR7 and CR8. It makes absolute sense that if you put a 500K resistor between the grid and ground that the trace would brighten up because that would yank the grid far above the -2200 V that the cathode sits. One or more of those components might be open (?). Have you fiddled with intensity limit adjust, R2 pot? The front panel Brightness control. I guess you have.
The other possibility is that there is a problem somewhere in the "Gate Amplifier". If you have a second scope you might probe around there to see if the signal "Gate Output" that arrives onto A15 board as in the top left corner of the schematic on page 8-21 is good.
One thing is for sure you need a probe with impedance much larger than 500K to measure the voltages on the cathode or grid if this CRT.
f I have time in the next couple of days I will take the cover off my 1741A and see what the signal "Gate Output" looks like.
Cheers,
Tim