Typical cheap AAA NiMH cells have a capacity of roughly 700mAH, and a three cell pack will store about 2.5WH (9KJ). With a high effeciency charging circuit, total energy effiency may reach 70%. The battery will therefore require 3.6WH to fully recharge.
Average Direct Normal Irradiance for India is about 4.8KWH/m2/day. Assuming 20% efficient solar cells, 1m2 of panel area in a fixed position and optimally tilted, can be expected to produce 4.8*0.2=0.96KWH per day.
Therefore the minimum panel area to recharge the battery in 1 day is 3.6/960=0.00375m2 or 37.5cm2. That's slightly over 6cm x 6cm of active panel surface.
There's no way that lantern has that much active panel area, (only exposed silicon surface counts, not bus strips, interconnects etc), and it is extremely unlikely its got 20% efficiency cells and unless you tilt it just right in an un-shaded location you aren't going to get that much irradiance.
Take a photo of the panel with a ruler in shot for scale and we can probably calculate if the panel could provide any useful recharge capability if the charger circuit was improved, or if its essentially worthless.
Fitting higher power LEDs certainly wont have helped. You should measure the current drawn by the original LED (hook it to the USB output) with the battery fully charged and time the discharge till it reaches 1V per cell on load or the LED effectively extinguishes, and repeat with the new LEDs you have fitted. Then we'd have some figures to go on.