When i started my program at my university they gave us a part kit (for $50) This was specificity for a logic class.
I would add, in addition to the list below, a resistor/capacitor assortment, some DIP switches, a jumper wire kit, some Op-Amps, Voltage Regulator, Potentiometers, diodes, NPN and PNP transistors. You may not need all of this, or all of what is in the list but it can get you a place to start looking. I find that Jameco has a better price compared to digikey, but you will pay more for shipping and you need to order more then $10 worth of stuff so they don't charge you a $5 charge.
The numbers are listed as Jameco PN, MFG PN, Quantity
20774 Bread Board 1
46252 74LS00 4
46287 74LS02 4
46316 74LS04 4
46341 74LS05 4
46375 74LS08 4
46404 74LS10 4
47466 74LS32 4
47790 74LS47 2
48004 74LS74 3
48039 74LS76 2
48071 74LS85 2
48098 74LS86 4
48119 74LS90 2
46480 74LS123 4
46607 74LS138 4
46703 74LS151 4
47001 74LS191 2
47386 74LS273 2
47407 74LS279 2
46851 74LS164 2
764449 22V10 - ATMEL 3
846639 16V8 - ATMEL 3
27422 555 2
334984 7 SEGMENT DISPLAY 2
333374 RED LEDS 8
206501 YELLOW LEDS 8
334465 BLUE LEDS 8